● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

when did internet pharmacies begin to come into being?
(pharmacy) since about the year 2000, a growing number of internet pharmacies have been established worldwide. many of these pharmacies are similar to community pharmacies, and in fact, many of them are actually operated by brick-and-mortar community pharmacies that serve consumers online and those that walk in their door. the primary difference is the method by which the medications are requested and received. some customers consider this to be more convenient and private method rather than traveling to a community drugstore where another customer might overhear about the drugs that they take. internet pharmacies (also known as online pharmacies) are also recommended to some patients by their physicians if they are homebound.
retrieved: pharmacy is the science and technique of preparing, dispensing, and reviewing drugs and providing additional clinical services. it is a health profession that links health sciences with pharmaceutical sciences and aims to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of drugs. the professional practice is becoming more clinically oriented as most of the drugs are now manufactured by pharmaceutical industries.

→ 0.64318          about the year 2000 (0.465)       about the year 2000 (0.451)       around the year 2000 (0.045)       around the year 2000 (0.046)       circa the year 2000 (0.000)      

→ 0.33162          2000 , (0.000)       2000 (0.380)       2000 . (0.001)       2000 : (0.000)       in 2000 (0.002)      

→ 0.02396          since (0.000)       since (0.000)       " (0.000)       since then (0.000)       ever since (0.000)      

→ 0.00119          the method by which the medications are requested and received (0.000)       the method by which the medicines are requested and received (0.000)       the method by which the drugs are requested and received (0.000)       the method by which the medication is requested and received (0.000)       the method by which medications are requested and received (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00005          the drugs that they take (0.000)       the drugs they take (0.000)       drugs they take (0.000)       the drugs they take (0.000)       the drugs they are taking (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the name of the person whose first broadcast work was aired on 24 december 1944?
(michael tippett) on his release, tippett returned to his duties at morley, where he boosted the college's purcell tradition by persuading alfred deller, the countertenor, to sing several purcell odes at a concert on 21 october 1944—the first modern use of a countertenor in purcell's music. tippett formed a fruitful musical friendship with benjamin britten and peter pears, for whom he wrote the cantata boyhood's end for tenor and piano. encouraged by britten, tippett made arrangements for the first performance of a child of our time, at london's adelphi theatre on 19 march 1944. goehr conducted the london philharmonic orchestra, and morley's choral forces were augmented by the london regional civil defence choir. pears sang the tenor solo part, and other soloists were borrowed from sadler's wells opera. the work was well received by critics and the public, and eventually became one of the most frequently performed large-scale choral works of the post-second world war period, in britain and overseas. tippett's immediate reward was a commission from the bbc for a motet, the weeping babe, which became his first broadcast work when it was aired on 24 december 1944. he also began to give regular radio talks on music.in 1946 tippett organised at morley the first british performance of monteverdi's vespers, adding his own organ preludio for the occasion. tippett's compositions in the immediate postwar years included his first symphony, performed under sargent in november 1945, and the string quartet no. 3, premiered in october 1946 by the zorian quartet. his main creative energies were increasingly devoted to his first major opera, the midsummer marriage. during the six years from 1946 he composed almost no other music, apart from the birthday suite for prince charles (1948).
retrieved: sir michael kemp tippett (2 january 1905 – 8 january 1998) was an english composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the second world war. in his lifetime he was sometimes ranked with his contemporary benjamin britten as one of the leading british composers of the 20th century. among his best-known works are the oratorio "a child of our time", the orchestral "fantasia concertante on a theme of corelli", and the opera "the midsummer marriage".

→ 0.51592          tip pet t (0.013)       tips (0.000)       tip (0.000)       tip pet t (0.013)       tap (0.000)      

→ 0.09293           he (0.000)       he (0.000)       he has (0.000)       him (0.000)       he said (0.000)      

→ 0.01116           whose first broadcast work was aire d on 24 de c ember 1944 ? (0.000)       whose first broadcast was broadcast on 24 de c ember 1944 ? (0.000)       whose first programme was broadcast on 24 de c ember 1944 ? (0.000)       whose first broadcast was on 24 de c ember 1944 ? (0.000)       whose first programme was broadcast on 24 de c ember 1944 ? (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00012           aire d on 24 de c ember 1944 ? ( m ich a e l tip pet (0.000)       aire d on 24 de c ember 1944 ? ( m ich a e l tip pet ) (0.000)       broadcast on 24 de c ember 1944 ? ( m ich a e l tip pet ) (0.000)       aire d on de c ember 24, 1944 ? ( m ich a e l tip pet (0.000)       aire d on 24 de c ember 1944 ? ( m ich a e l tip pet (0.000)      

→ 0.37987          tip pet t ' s (0.000)       tip pet t (0.012)       tip pet . com (0.000)       tip pet s . com (0.000)       tip pet t ' s (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

in what year did fresno get its first pedestrian mall?
(fresno,_california) fulton street in downtown fresno was fresno's main financial and commercial district before being converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls in 1964. renamed the fulton mall, the area contains the densest collection of historic buildings in fresno. while the fulton mall corridor has suffered a sharp decline from its heyday, the mall includes some of the finest public art pieces in the country, including the only pierre-auguste renoir piece in the world that one can walk up to and touch. current plans call for the reopening of the fulton mall to automobile traffic. the public art pieces will be restored and placed near their current locations and will feature wide sidewalks (up to 28' on the east side of the street) to continue with the pedestrian friendly environment of the district.
retrieved: fresno ( ; ) is a city in california, united states, and the county seat of fresno county. it covers about in the center of the san joaquin valley, the southern portion of california's central valley.

→ 0.96673          1964 (1.000)       " (0.000)       1964 . (0.011)       1965 (0.000)       1960 (0.000)      

→ 0.01064           re name d the fu lton mall (0.000)       re name d fu lton mall (0.000)       re naming of fu lton mall (0.000)       fu lton mall re name d (0.000)       the fu lton mall re name d (0.000)      

→ 0.00660           hey day (0.000)       bloom (0.000)       bloom ing (0.000)       blossom (0.000)       flower ing (0.000)      

→ 0.01587          in (0.000)       " (0.000)       to (0.000)       in (0.000)       at (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00016           a sharp (0.000)       a sharp (0.000)       a spicy (0.000)       a sharp one (0.000)       a hot (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

how much imported oil came from the middle east?
(1973_oil_crisis) although lacking historical connections to the middle east, japan was the country most dependent on arab oil. 71% of its imported oil came from the middle east in 1970. on november 7, 1973, the saudi and kuwaiti governments declared japan a "nonfriendly" country to encourage it to change its noninvolvement policy. it received a 5% production cut in december, causing a panic. on november 22, japan issued a statement "asserting that israel should withdraw from all of the 1967 territories, advocating palestinian self-determination, and threatening to reconsider its policy toward israel if israel refused to accept these preconditions". by december 25, japan was considered an arab-friendly state.
retrieved: the 1973 oil crisis began in october 1973 when the members of the organization of arab petroleum exporting countries proclaimed an oil embargo. the embargo was targeted at nations perceived as supporting israel during the yom kippur war. the initial nations targeted were canada, japan, the netherlands, the united kingdom and the united states with the embargo also later extended to portugal, rhodesia and south africa.

→ 0.95457          7 1% (0.939)       7 1% . (0.001)       70% (0.006)       71 percent (0.005)       71 per cent . (0.000)      

→ 0.02411           5% (0.000)       5 per cent (0.000)       five per cent (0.000)       five percent (0.000)       five % (0.000)      

→ 0.01833           a (0.000)       a (0.000)       one (0.000)       the (0.000)       an (0.000)      

→ 0.00280           nov ember 7, 1973 (0.000)       nov ember 7, 1973 (0.000)       7 nov ember 1973 (0.000)       nov ember 7 1973 (0.000)       7, 1973 (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00019           nov ember 22, (0.000)       nov ember 22 (0.000)       22, nov . (0.000)       nov ember 22 . (0.000)       nov . (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what concept did philosophers in antiquity use to study simple machines?
(force) philosophers in antiquity used the concept of force in the study of stationary and moving objects and simple machines, but thinkers such as aristotle and archimedes retained fundamental errors in understanding force. in part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction, and a consequently inadequate view of the nature of natural motion. a fundamental error was the belief that a force is required to maintain motion, even at a constant velocity. most of the previous misunderstandings about motion and force were eventually corrected by galileo galilei and sir isaac newton. with his mathematical insight, sir isaac newton formulated laws of motion that were not improved-on for nearly three hundred years. by the early 20th century, einstein developed a theory of relativity that correctly predicted the action of forces on objects with increasing momenta near the speed of light, and also provided insight into the forces produced by gravitation and inertia.
retrieved: in physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. a force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (which includes to begin moving from a state of rest), i.e., to accelerate. force can also be described intuitively as a push or a pull.

→ 0.55567          force (0.779)       force (0.779)       power (0.000)       power . (0.000)       power (0.000)      

→ 0.12607          concept (0.001)       concept (0.001)       conception (0.000)       the concept (0.000)       conception (0.000)      

→ 0.01493          the study of stationary and moving objects (0.000)       the examination of stationary and moving objects (0.000)       the investigation of stationary and moving objects (0.000)       investigation of stationary and moving objects (0.000)       examination of stationary and moving objects (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00024          the sometimes non - o b vious (0.000)       the sometimes not obvious (0.000)       the sometimes not obvious (0.000)       sometimes not obvious (0.000)       the sometimes un o b vious (0.000)      

→ 0.30309          concept of force (0.105)       concept of force (0.116)       concept of violence (0.000)       the concept of violence (0.000)       concept of violence (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

savannah areas expanded over the last how many years?
(amazon_rainforest) following the cretaceous–paleogene extinction event, the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent. from 66–34 mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45°. climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. during the oligocene, for example, the rainforest spanned a relatively narrow band. it expanded again during the middle miocene, then retracted to a mostly inland formation at the last glacial maximum. however, the rainforest still managed to thrive during these glacial periods, allowing for the survival and evolution of a broad diversity of species.
retrieved: the amazon rainforest, also known in english as amazonia or the amazon jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest in the amazon biome that covers most of the amazon basin of south america. this basin encompasses , of which are covered by the rainforest. this region includes territory belonging to nine nations.

→ 0.70522          34 million years (0.636)       34 million years ago (0.000)       34 million years (0.646)       34 million (0.346)       34 million years . (0.001)      

→ 0.27599          last 34 million (0.001)       34 million (0.346)       last 34 million (0.001)       latest 34 million (0.000)       latest 34 million (0.000)      

→ 0.00983          the (0.000)       the (0.000)       which (0.000)       the : (0.000)       " (0.000)      

→ 0.00871          last how many years (0.000)       how many years (0.000)       how many years (0.000)       how many years ? (0.000)       how many years last (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00025          last glaci al maximum (0.000)       last glaci al maximum (0.000)       last ice maximum (0.000)       last ice maximum (0.000)       last glaci er maximum (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

in what decade were injectors widely used in jet engines?
(steam_engine) the rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump to recycle or top up the boiler water, so that they may be run continuously. utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps; however, other types are used. another means of supplying lower-pressure boiler feed water is an injector, which uses a steam jet usually supplied from the boiler. injectors became popular in the 1850s but are no longer widely used, except in applications such as steam locomotives.
retrieved: a steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. the steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. this pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work.

→ 0.64467          18 50 s (0.325)       1950 s (0.034)       the 18 50 s (0.080)       18 50 (0.002)       50 s (0.000)      

→ 0.23528          ( s team _ engine ) (0.099)       ( s team engine ) (0.000)       ( s team engine ) (0.000)       ( s team - engine ) (0.000)       ( s team locomotive ) (0.000)      

→ 0.10392          the 18 50 (0.000)       18 50 (0.002)       the 18 50 (0.000)       in 18 50 (0.000)       18 50 . (0.000)      

→ 0.01585          in what decade were inject or s widely used in jet engines ? (0.000)       in which decade have inject or s been widely used in jet engines ? (0.000)       in what decade have inject or s been widely used in jet engines ? (0.000)       in which decade were inject or s widely used in jet engines ? (0.000)       in what decade were inject or s widely used in jet engines ? (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00028           a steam jet usually supplied from the boiler (0.000)       a steam jet normally supplied by the boiler (0.000)       a jet of steam normally supplied by the boiler (0.000)       a jet of steam that usually comes from the boiler (0.000)       a steam jet normally supplied from the boiler (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

in what month and year was the revised manual of regulations for private schools released?
(private_school) in the philippines, the private sector has been a major provider of educational services, accounting for about 7.5% of primary enrollment, 32% of secondary enrollment and about 80% of tertiary enrollment. private schools have proven to be efficient in resource utilization. per unit costs in private schools are generally lower when compared to public schools. this situation is more evident at the tertiary level. government regulations have given private education more flexibility and autonomy in recent years, notably by lifting the moratorium on applications for new courses, new schools and conversions, by liberalizing tuition fee policy for private schools, by replacing values education for third and fourth years with english, mathematics and natural science at the option of the school, and by issuing the revised manual of regulations for private schools in august 1992.
retrieved: private schools, also known to many as independent schools, non-governmental, privately funded, or non-state schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments. children who attend private schools may be there because they are dissatisfied with public schools in their area. they may be selected for their academic prowess, or prowess in other fields, or sometimes their religious background.

→ 0.93623          august 1992 (0.911)       au g . (0.000)       august 1992 (0.911)       sept ember 1992 (0.000)       august , 1992 (0.000)      

→ 0.04765          in august (0.000)       on au g . (0.000)       au g . (0.000)       august (0.000)       on au g . (0.000)      

→ 0.01454           phil i pp ines (0.000)       phil i pp ines (0.000)       the phil i pp ines (0.000)       phil i pp ine (0.000)       fi lip in o (0.000)      

→ 0.00130           a major provider of educational services (0.000)       a major provider of educational services (0.000)       an important provider of educational services (0.000)       an important provider of educational services (0.000)       a major provider of education services (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00028          in what month and year was the revised manual of regulations for private schools released ? (0.000)       in which month and year was the revised rule book for private schools published ? (0.000)       in which month and year was the revised set of rules for private schools published ? (0.000)       in which month and year was the revised rules for private schools published ? (0.000)       in which month and year was the revised policy for private schools published ? (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what was ntl telewest re-branded to in 2007?
(sky_(united_kingdom)) virgin media (re-branded in 2007 from ntl:telewest) started to offer a high-definition television (hdtv) capable set top box, although from 30 november 2006 until 30 july 2009 it only carried one linear hd channel, bbc hd, after the conclusion of the itv hd trial. virgin media has claimed that other hd channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform, although virgin media did in fact have an option to carry channel 4 hd in the future. nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, virgin media instead concentrating on its video on demand service to carry a modest selection of hd content. virgin media has nevertheless made a number of statements over the years, suggesting that more linear hd channels are on the way.
retrieved: sky uk (formerly british sky broadcasting limited, bskyb and sky) is a british telecommunications company which serves the united kingdom owned by comcast. sky provides television and broadband internet services, fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the united kingdom. it is the uk's largest

→ 0.93428          virgin media (1.000)       virgin media (1.000)       virgin media (1.000)       vir go media (0.000)       vir go media (0.000)      

→ 0.01656           n t l : tele west (0.000)       photograph : tele west (0.000)       photo : tele west (0.000)       credit : tele west (0.000)       source : tele west (0.000)      

→ 0.04038           n t l tele west (0.000)       tele west (0.000)       source tele west (0.000)       tele west (0.000)       n t l tele west (0.000)      

→ 0.00848           re - branded (0.000)       re naming (0.000)       re name d (0.000)       re - branded (0.000)       re name (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00030           a high - de fini tion television ( h d t v ) capable set top box (0.000)       a high - de fini tion t v - cap able set - top box (0.000)       a high - de fini tion t v - en able d set - top box (0.000)       a high - de fini tion t v - cap able set - top box (0.000)       a high - de fini tion t v ( h d t v ) capable set - top box (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

which river joins the rhine in duisburg?
(rhine) until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. although many plants and factories can be found along the rhine up into switzerland, it is along the lower rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of cologne, düsseldorf and duisburg. duisburg is the home of europe's largest inland port and functions as a hub to the sea ports of rotterdam, antwerp and amsterdam. the ruhr, which joins the rhine in duisburg, is nowadays a clean river, thanks to a combination of stricter environmental controls, a transition from heavy industry to light industry and cleanup measures, such as the reforestation of slag and brownfields. the ruhr currently provides the region with drinking water. it contributes 70 m3/s (2,500 cu ft/s) to the rhine. other rivers in the ruhr area, above all, the emscher, still carry a considerable degree of pollution.
retrieved: the rhine (, , , , , ) is one of the major european rivers, which has its sources in switzerland and flows in a mostly northerly direction through germany and the netherlands, emptying into the north sea. the river begins in the swiss canton of graubünden in the southeastern swiss alps, forms part of the swiss-liechtenstein, swiss-austrian, swiss-german and then the franco-german border, then flows through the german rhineland and the netherlands and eventually empties into the north sea.

→ 0.90782          the r uhr (0.687)       r uhr (0.216)       the r uhr (0.687)       r uhr area (0.000)       the r uhr (0.687)      

→ 0.04837          the lower r hin e (0.000)       lower r hin e (0.000)       the lower r hin e (0.000)       the lower r hin e (0.000)       lower r hin e valley (0.000)      

→ 0.03016          the r hin e (0.000)       the r hin e (0.000)       r hin e (0.000)       the r hin e (0.000)       on the r hin e (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00031          the major cities of c ologne , d üsse l dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the cities of c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the big cities of c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the big cities c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the large cities of c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)      

→ 0.01334          the early 1980 s , industry was a major source of water pollution (0.000)       in the early 1980 s industry was a major source of water pollution . (0.000)       in the early 1980 s , industry was a major source of water pollution (0.000)       industry was a major source of water pollution in the early 1980 s (0.000)       in the early 1980 s industry was a major source of water pollution (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

sky uk limited is now known by what name?
(sky_(united_kingdom)) sky uk limited (formerly british sky broadcasting or bskyb) is a british telecommunications company which serves the united kingdom. sky provides television and broadband internet services and fixed line telephone services to consumers and businesses in the united kingdom. it is the uk's largest pay-tv broadcaster with 11 million customers as of 2015. it was the uk's most popular digital tv service until it was overtaken by freeview in april 2007. its corporate headquarters are based in isleworth.
retrieved: sky uk (formerly british sky broadcasting limited, bskyb and sky) is a british telecommunications company which serves the united kingdom owned by comcast. sky provides television and broadband internet services, fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the united kingdom. it is the uk's largest

→ 0.56570          sky (0.779)       sky (0.779)       skies (0.000)       heaven (0.000)       heaven s (0.000)      

→ 0.08174           uk (0.000)       uk (0.000)       eng l and (0.000)       united kingdom (0.000)       german y (0.000)      

→ 0.01434           a bri t ish t elecommunication s company (0.000)       a uk telecom s company (0.000)       a bri t ish telecom s company (0.000)       a bri t ish t elecommunication s company (0.000)       a uk t elecommunication s company (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00032           bri t ish t elecommunication s company which serves the united kingdom (0.000)       uk telecom s company serving the uk (0.000)       uk telecom s company serving the united kingdom (0.000)       uk t elecommunication s company serving the uk (0.000)       uk telecom s operator serving the uk (0.000)      

→ 0.33790           b sky b (0.010)       b sky b (0.011)       " (0.000)       b sky b (0.011)       b sky b (0.009)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

in what year did developers billings & meyering acquire the alta vista tract?
(fresno,_california) homes from the early 20th century line this boulevard in the heart of the historic alta vista tract. the section of huntington boulevard between first street on the west to cedar avenue on the east is the home to many large, stately homes. the original development of this area began circa 1910, on 190 acres of what had been an alfalfa field. the alta vista tract, as the land would become known, was mapped by william stranahan for the pacific improvement corporation, and was officially platted in 1911. the tract's boundaries were balch avenue on the south, cedar avenue on the east, the rear property line of platt avenue (east of sixth street) and platt avenue (west of sixth street) on the north, and first street on the west. the subdivision was annexed to the city in january 1912, in an election that was the first in which women voted in the community. at the time of its admission to the city, the alta vista tract was uninhabited but landscaped, although the trees had to be watered by tank wagon. in 1914 developers billings & meyering acquired the tract, completed street development, provided the last of the necessary municipal improvements including water service, and began marketing the property with fervor. a mere half decade later the tract had 267 homes. this rapid development was no doubt hastened by the fresno traction company right-of-way along huntington boulevard, which provided streetcar connections between downtown and the county hospital.
retrieved: fresno ( ; ) is a city in california, united states, and the county seat of fresno county. it covers about in the center of the san joaquin valley, the southern portion of california's central valley.

→ 0.91179          1914 (1.000)       in 1914 (0.000)       in 1914 , (0.000)       1914 . (0.001)       in 1914 . (0.000)      

→ 0.05289          19 12 (0.000)       " (0.000)       19 12. (0.000)       19 12 : (0.000)       in 19 12 (0.000)      

→ 0.03347          in 1911 (0.000)       1911 (0.000)       in 1911 (0.000)       in 1911 . (0.000)       of 1911 (0.000)      

→ 0.00153          in the heart of the historic alta vista tract (0.000)       in the heart of the historic alta vista wing (0.000)       in the heart of the historic alta vista tract (0.000)       in the heart of the historic alta vista (0.000)       in the heart of historic alta vista (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00032          in an election that was the first in which women voted in the community (0.000)       in an election that was the first in which women voted in the congregation (0.000)       in an election that was the first in which women in the community voted (0.000)       in an election that was the first in which women in the community voted (0.000)       in an election that was the first in which women in the congregation voted (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the last name of the person whose best-known works include the opera the midsummer marriage?
(michael tippett) sir michael kemp tippett (2 january 1905 – 8 january 1998) was an english composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the second world war. in his lifetime he was sometimes ranked with his contemporary benjamin britten as one of the leading british composers of the 20th century. among his best-known works are the oratorio a child of our time, the orchestral fantasia concertante on a theme of corelli, and the opera the midsummer marriage. tippett's talent developed slowly. he withdrew or destroyed his earliest compositions, and was 30 before any of his works were published. until the mid-to-late 1950s his music was broadly lyrical in character, before changing to a more astringent and experimental style. new influences, including those of jazz and blues after his first visit to america in 1965, became increasingly evident in his compositions. while tippett's stature with the public continued to grow, not all critics approved of these changes in style, some believing that the quality of his work suffered as a consequence. from around 1976 tippett's late works began to reflect the works of his youth through a return to lyricism. although he was much honoured in his lifetime, critical judgement on tippett's legacy has been uneven, the greatest praise being generally reserved for his earlier works. his centenary in 2005 was a muted affair; apart from the few best-known works, his music has been performed infrequently in the 21st century. having briefly embraced communism in the 1930s, tippett avoided identifying with any political party. a pacifist after 1940, he was imprisoned in 1943 for refusing to carry out war-related duties required by his military exemption. his initial difficulties in accepting his homosexuality led him in 1939 to jungian psychoanalysis; the jungian dichotomy of "shadow" and "light" remained a recurring factor in his music. he was a strong advocate of music education, and was active for much of his life as a radio broadcaster and writer on music.
retrieved: sir michael kemp tippett (2 january 1905 – 8 january 1998) was an english composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the second world war. in his lifetime he was sometimes ranked with his contemporary benjamin britten as one of the leading british composers of the 20th century. among his best-known works are the oratorio "a child of our time", the orchestral "fantasia concertante on a theme of corelli", and the opera "the midsummer marriage".

→ 0.37012          tip pet t (0.607)       tips (0.001)       tip (0.000)       tip pet t (0.607)       tap (0.000)      

→ 0.30433           ke mp (0.320)       ke mp (0.325)       " (0.000)       emp (0.000)       emp (0.000)      

→ 0.00271           jan u ary (0.000)       jan . (0.000)       jan u ary (0.000)       on jan . (0.000)       the jan . (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00033           whose best - known works include the opera the mid summe r marriage (0.000)       whose most famous works include the opera the summer wedding (0.000)       whose best - known works include the opera the summer wedding (0.000)       one of whose most famous works is the opera the summer wedding (0.000)       among whose best - known works is the opera the summer wedding (0.000)      

→ 0.32251           ke mp tip pet t (0.011)       ke mp tip pet t (0.011)       ke mp tip pet t (0.011)       ke mp (0.351)       mik e tip pet t (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what rive joins the rhine in duisburg?
(rhine) until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. although many plants and factories can be found along the rhine up into switzerland, it is along the lower rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of cologne, düsseldorf and duisburg. duisburg is the home of europe's largest inland port and functions as a hub to the sea ports of rotterdam, antwerp and amsterdam. the ruhr, which joins the rhine in duisburg, is nowadays a clean river, thanks to a combination of stricter environmental controls, a transition from heavy industry to light industry and cleanup measures, such as the reforestation of slag and brownfields. the ruhr currently provides the region with drinking water. it contributes 70 m3/s (2,500 cu ft/s) to the rhine. other rivers in the ruhr area, above all, the emscher, still carry a considerable degree of pollution.
retrieved: the rhine (, , , , , ) is one of the major european rivers, which has its sources in switzerland and flows in a mostly northerly direction through germany and the netherlands, emptying into the north sea. the river begins in the swiss canton of graubünden in the southeastern swiss alps, forms part of the swiss-liechtenstein, swiss-austrian, swiss-german and then the franco-german border, then flows through the german rhineland and the netherlands and eventually empties into the north sea.

→ 0.91132          the r uhr (0.804)       r uhr (0.174)       the r uhr (0.779)       r uhr area (0.000)       the r uhr (0.755)      

→ 0.04758          the lower r hin e (0.000)       lower r hin e (0.000)       the lower r hin e (0.000)       the lower r hin e (0.000)       lower r hin e valley (0.000)      

→ 0.02963          the r hin e (0.000)       the r hin e (0.000)       r hin e (0.000)       the r hin e (0.000)       on the r hin e (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00038          the major cities of c ologne , d üsse l dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the cities of c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the big cities of c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the big cities c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)       the large cities of c ologne , du essel dorf and du i sburg (0.000)      

→ 0.01109          the early 1980 s , industry was a major source of water pollution (0.000)       in the early 1980 s industry was a major source of water pollution . (0.000)       in the early 1980 s , industry was a major source of water pollution (0.000)       industry was a major source of water pollution in the early 1980 s (0.000)       in the early 1980 s industry was a major source of water pollution (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

in what century was the yarrow-schlick-tweedy balancing system used?
(steam_engine) it is a logical extension of the compound engine (described above) to split the expansion into yet more stages to increase efficiency. the result is the multiple expansion engine. such engines use either three or four expansion stages and are known as triple and quadruple expansion engines respectively. these engines use a series of cylinders of progressively increasing diameter. these cylinders are designed to divide the work into equal shares for each expansion stage. as with the double expansion engine, if space is at a premium, then two smaller cylinders may be used for the low-pressure stage. multiple expansion engines typically had the cylinders arranged inline, but various other formations were used. in the late 19th century, the yarrow-schlick-tweedy balancing 'system' was used on some marine triple expansion engines. y-s-t engines divided the low-pressure expansion stages between two cylinders, one at each end of the engine. this allowed the crankshaft to be better balanced, resulting in a smoother, faster-responding engine which ran with less vibration. this made the 4-cylinder triple-expansion engine popular with large passenger liners (such as the olympic class), but this was ultimately replaced by the virtually vibration-free turbine engine.[citation needed]
retrieved: a steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. the steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. this pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work.

→ 0.88648          19 th (0.465)       19 th . (0.000)       19. (0.000)       march 19 (0.000)       the 19 th (0.001)      

→ 0.09341          late (0.000)       late (0.000)       late . (0.000)       latest (0.000)       late . (0.000)      

→ 0.00747          the y arrow - sch lick - t weed y bala ncing system (0.000)       the y arrow - s l udge - t weed y bala ncing system (0.000)       the y arrow - s l udge - t weed y bala ncing system (0.000)       the y arrow - mud - t weed y bala ncing system (0.000)       the y arrow - s lick - t weed y bala ncing system (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00039          the work into equal shares for each expansion stage (0.000)       work in equal parts for each expansion stage (0.000)       work in equal parts for each stage of expansion (0.000)       the work in equal parts for each expansion stage (0.000)       work in equal parts for each stage of construction (0.000)      

→ 0.01226          the multiple expansion engine (0.000)       the multiple expansion engine (0.000)       multiple expansion engine (0.000)       the multiple expansion motor (0.000)       the multiple expansion motor (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the last name of the person whose friends stand up for him?
(park row (film)) in 1886, reporter phineas mitchell is fired from the star newspaper for criticizing its methods and philosophy. when his friends stand up for him, they too are discharged. as the newly unemployed men are drowning their sorrows in a bar, steve brodie rushes in, claiming to have survived a jump off the brooklyn bridge and insisting that mitchell write an article about it and make him famous. mitchell tells him he no longer has a newspaper job. then acquaintance charles a. leach tells mitchell that he had always dreamed of going into journalism. leach makes a startling proposition: that they become partners and launch a new newspaper. leach has a printing press, vacant offices and enough money to get started. mitchell accepts and hires his friends on the spot, including aged but veteran reporter josiah davenport and eager youngster rusty. he decides to name the newspaper the globe. when a policeman comes looking for brodie, mitchell drags the hiding fugitive out from behind the bar. now mitchell has the front page story for the first issue. charity hackett, the young, ruthless publisher of the star, at first dismisses her new rival, but soon becomes concerned. mitchell has many revolutionary ideas. despite the globe's precarious finances (it is printed on cheap materials at hand, including butcher paper), it instantly becomes very popular for the subjects it fearlessly tackles. when she visits its offices, she encounters ottmar mergenthaler, who is busy inventing the linotype machine to automate the slow, laborious process of setting type by hand. she tries to recruit mergenthaler for the star, but fails.
retrieved: park row is a 1952 drama film starring gene evans as a new york city journalist who founds a new type of newspaper and mary welch as the established publisher who opposes him. it was written, directed, produced and financed by samuel fuller, himself a new york reporter prior to turning to filmmaking. it was his favorite film, though it did not do well at the box office.

→ 0.54575          mit che ll (0.791)       mit che ll (0.791)       mit che ll . (0.044)       mit chel (0.000)       middle s b rough (0.000)      

→ 0.21787           phin e a s (0.053)       phin e a s (0.051)       phin e s (0.000)       phin e e (0.000)       phin e a e (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00041           whose friends stand up for him (0.000)       whose friends are standing up for him (0.000)       whose friends support him (0.000)       whose friends advocate for him (0.000)       whose friends stand for him (0.000)      

→ 0.22261           phin e a s mit che ll (0.063)       phil mit che ll (0.000)       phin e a s mit che ll (0.063)       phin e a h mit che ll (0.000)       phin a mit che ll (0.000)      

→ 0.01336           phin e a s mit che ll is fired (0.000)       phil mit che ll is fired (0.000)       phin a mit che ll is fired (0.000)       phin e a s mit che ll is s acked (0.000)       phil mit che ll fired (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

in what century was the olympic balancing system used?
(steam_engine) it is a logical extension of the compound engine (described above) to split the expansion into yet more stages to increase efficiency. the result is the multiple expansion engine. such engines use either three or four expansion stages and are known as triple and quadruple expansion engines respectively. these engines use a series of cylinders of progressively increasing diameter. these cylinders are designed to divide the work into equal shares for each expansion stage. as with the double expansion engine, if space is at a premium, then two smaller cylinders may be used for the low-pressure stage. multiple expansion engines typically had the cylinders arranged inline, but various other formations were used. in the late 19th century, the yarrow-schlick-tweedy balancing 'system' was used on some marine triple expansion engines. y-s-t engines divided the low-pressure expansion stages between two cylinders, one at each end of the engine. this allowed the crankshaft to be better balanced, resulting in a smoother, faster-responding engine which ran with less vibration. this made the 4-cylinder triple-expansion engine popular with large passenger liners (such as the olympic class), but this was ultimately replaced by the virtually vibration-free turbine engine.[citation needed]
retrieved: a steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. the steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. this pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work.

→ 0.46776          ( s team _ engine ) (0.503)       ( s team engine ) (0.001)       ( s team engine ) (0.001)       ( s team - engine ) (0.000)       ( s team locomotive ) (0.000)      

→ 0.39900          19 th (0.210)       19 th . (0.000)       19. (0.000)       march 19 (0.000)       the 19 th (0.003)      

→ 0.11115          the o ly m pic (0.000)       the o ly m pic s (0.000)       o ly m pic (0.001)       o ly m pic s (0.000)       o ly m pic games (0.000)      

→ 0.02168          ( de scribed above ) (0.000)       ( a s described above ) (0.000)       ( abo ve ) (0.000)       ( de scribed above ). (0.000)       ( see above ) (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00041          the work into equal shares for each expansion stage (0.000)       work in equal parts for each expansion stage (0.000)       work in equal parts for each stage of expansion (0.000)       the work in equal parts for each expansion stage (0.000)       work in equal parts for each stage of construction (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

who first wrote about the rhine's discovery and border?
(rhine) the rhine was not known to herodotus and first enters the historical period in the 1st century bc in roman-era geography. at that time, it formed the boundary between gaul and germania. the upper rhine had been part of the areal of the late hallstatt culture since the 6th century bc, and by the 1st century bc, the areal of the la tène culture covered almost its entire length, forming a contact zone with the jastorf culture, i.e. the locus of early celtic-germanic cultural contact. in roman geography, the rhine formed the boundary between gallia and germania by definition; e.g. maurus servius honoratus, commentary on the aeneid of vergil (8.727) (rhenus) fluvius galliae, qui germanos a gallia dividit "(the rhine is a) river of gaul, which divides the germanic people from gaul."
retrieved: the rhine (, , , , , ) is one of the major european rivers, which has its sources in switzerland and flows in a mostly northerly direction through germany and the netherlands, emptying into the north sea. the river begins in the swiss canton of graubünden in the southeastern swiss alps, forms part of the swiss-liechtenstein, swiss-austrian, swiss-german and then the franco-german border, then flows through the german rhineland and the netherlands and eventually empties into the north sea.

→ 0.52062          ma ur us servi us honor at us (0.398)       honour able ma ur us (0.000)       ma ur us servi us honor at us (0.410)       ma ur us servi us honor at us (0.423)       ma ur us servi us honour (0.000)      

→ 0.34380          her o d o t us (0.315)       her o d o t us (0.300)       her o d o t (0.000)       heroin (0.000)       her o d o t e (0.000)      

→ 0.04020           b c (0.000)       " (0.000)       b . (0.000)       b ) (0.000)       ( b ) (0.000)      

→ 0.09496           r hin e (0.001)       r hin e (0.001)       river r hin e (0.000)       r hin (0.000)       r he in (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00042           forming a contact zone with the ja stor f culture (0.000)       form a contact zone with the ja stor f culture (0.000)       form a contact zone with the culture of ja stor f (0.000)       form a contact zone with the ja stor f culture (0.000)       to form a contact zone with the ja stor f culture (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the last name of the cricketer who has associations with the suburb that is one of the older ones of dunedin?
(caversham, new zealand) caversham is one of the older suburbs of the city of dunedin, in new zealand's south island. it is sited at the western edge of the city's central plain at the mouth of the steep caversham valley, which rises to the saddle of lookout point. major road and rail routes south lie nearby; the south island main trunk railway runs through the suburb, and a bypass skirts its main retail area, connecting dunedin's one-way street system with the dunedin southern motorway. the suburb is linked by several bus routes to its neighbouring suburbs and central dunedin. the suburb was founded by wealthy pioneer william henry valpy, and its name reflects his family connections with the town of reading, in the english county of berkshire. caversham grew rapidly during the central otago gold rush of the 1860s because of its location on routes south to the otago hinterland. by the end of the 19th century, caversham was heavily industrialised, and its population included many skilled or semi-skilled tradespeople. this, combined with the community's strong protestant roots, led to the area's generally left-leaning political stance. caversham's early history has been the subject of the caversham project, a major historical and archaeological study by the university of otago. caversham was a separate borough until 1904, when it was amalgamated with dunedin city. it is currently administered as part of the city's south dunedin ward. at a national level, it is part of the dunedin south electorate. caversham is now predominantly residential, with some industrial premises in the east (notably the hillside railway workshops) and a retail district centred on south road and hillside road. residents are generally of low socio-economic status. caversham's notable buildings include the heritage listed lisburn house and several prominent church buildings. another landmark is the suburb's war memorial, which is the main gate of caversham school, one of the suburb's two primary schools. caversham also contains a special-needs school. the nearest secondary schools operate in st clair, 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the south. caversham has strong sporting connections, and is the location of carisbrook, until recently one of dunedin's main sports venues. the suburb is home to the southern rugby football club, and gives its name to caversham football club. several notable sportspeople have associations with caversham, among them test cricketer clarrie grimmett and father and son rugby union administrators "old vic" and "young vic" cavanagh. other notable people with caversham connections include politician thomas kay sidey, architect edmund anscombe, and surveyor john turnbull thomson.
retrieved: caversham is one of the older suburbs of the city of dunedin, in new zealand's south island. it is sited at the western edge of the city's central plain at the mouth of the steep caversham valley, which rises to the saddle of lookout point. major road and rail routes south lie nearby; the south island main trunk railway runs through the suburb, and a bypass skirts its main retail area, connecting dunedin's one-way street system with the dunedin southern motorway.

→ 0.74231           val p y (0.717)       val p y (0.740)       va le (0.000)       val p i (0.000)       val ium (0.000)      

→ 0.15427           hen ry (0.001)       hen ry (0.001)       " (0.000)       hen r i (0.000)       hen ry . (0.000)      

→ 0.07751           d une din (0.000)       d une (0.000)       du nes (0.000)       d une area (0.000)       d une din (0.000)      

→ 0.02548           ze al and (0.000)       jealous (0.000)       jealous . (0.000)       jealous y (0.000)       devotion (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00043           a bypass skirt s its main retail area (0.000)       a bypass around the main shopping area (0.000)       a ring road bypass e s the main shopping area (0.000)       a bypass bypass e s the main shopping area (0.000)       a bypass circum vent s the main shopping area (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

which city was john calvin born in?
(huguenot) a term used originally in derision, huguenot has unclear origins. various hypotheses have been promoted. the nickname may have been a combined reference to the swiss politician besançon hugues (died 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of swiss republicanism in his time, using a clever derogatory pun on the name hugues by way of the dutch word huisgenoten (literally housemates), referring to the connotations of a somewhat related word in german eidgenosse (confederates as in "a citizen of one of the states of the swiss confederacy"). geneva was john calvin's adopted home and the centre of the calvinist movement. in geneva, hugues, though catholic, was a leader of the "confederate party", so called because it favoured independence from the duke of savoy through an alliance between the city-state of geneva and the swiss confederation. the label huguenot was purportedly first applied in france to those conspirators (all of them aristocratic members of the reformed church) involved in the amboise plot of 1560: a foiled attempt to wrest power in france from the influential house of guise. the move would have had the side effect of fostering relations with the swiss. thus, hugues plus eidgenosse by way of huisgenoten supposedly became huguenot, a nickname associating the protestant cause with politics unpopular in france.[citation needed]
retrieved: huguenots (; ) are an ethnoreligious group of french protestants.

→ 0.70108          gene va (0.849)       gene va (0.862)       gene va . (0.018)       l on don (0.000)       gen o a (0.000)      

→ 0.20498           s w is s (0.002)       s w is s (0.001)       s witz e rland (0.004)       s w is s . (0.000)       " (0.000)      

→ 0.08361           cal vin (0.000)       cal vin (0.000)       kal vin (0.000)       cal vin h arri s (0.000)       cal vin klein (0.000)      

→ 0.00989           john (0.000)       john (0.000)       john . (0.000)       jo e (0.000)       john n y (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00044           a term used originally in der i sion (0.000)       a term originally used in ridic ul e (0.000)       a term originally used in der i sion (0.000)       a term originally used in ridic ul e (0.000)       a term originally used in mock ery (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what do astronauts experience when in free-fall orbit around saturn?
(force) the concept of inertia can be further generalized to explain the tendency of objects to continue in many different forms of constant motion, even those that are not strictly constant velocity. the rotational inertia of planet earth is what fixes the constancy of the length of a day and the length of a year. albert einstein extended the principle of inertia further when he explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration, such as those free-falling toward a gravitating object, were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames. this is why, for example, astronauts experience weightlessness when in free-fall orbit around the earth, and why newton's laws of motion are more easily discernible in such environments. if an astronaut places an object with mass in mid-air next to himself, it will remain stationary with respect to the astronaut due to its inertia. this is the same thing that would occur if the astronaut and the object were in intergalactic space with no net force of gravity acting on their shared reference frame. this principle of equivalence was one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the general theory of relativity.
retrieved: in physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. a force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (which includes to begin moving from a state of rest), i.e., to accelerate. force can also be described intuitively as a push or a pull.

→ 0.55053          ( force ) (0.687)       ( force ) (0.666)       ( power ) (0.000)       ( power ) (0.000)       ( force ). (0.001)      

→ 0.28077          weight lessness (0.029)       weight lessness (0.030)       gravity (0.005)       micro grav ity (0.000)       weight loss (0.000)      

→ 0.09161          no net force of gravity (0.001)       no net gravity (0.000)       no net gravity (0.000)       no net force of gravity (0.001)       no net gravit ation (0.000)      

→ 0.07664           s a turn (0.000)       saturated (0.000)       s ated (0.000)       s a turn (0.000)       saturation (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00045          force of gravity acting on their shared reference frame (0.000)       gravity acting on their common frame of reference (0.000)       gravity acting on its common frame of reference (0.000)       gravity acting upon their common frame of reference (0.000)       gravity acting upon its common frame of reference (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what generally does not allow citizens to sue other citizens?
(european_union_law) while the treaties and regulations will have direct effect (if clear, unconditional and immediate), directives do not generally give citizens (as opposed to the member state) standing to sue other citizens. in theory, this is because tfeu article 288 says directives are addressed to the member states and usually "leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods" to implement. in part this reflects that directives often create minimum standards, leaving member states to apply higher standards. for example, the working time directive requires that every worker has at least 4 weeks paid holidays each year, but most member states require more than 28 days in national law. however, on the current position adopted by the court of justice, citizens have standing to make claims based on national laws that implement directives, but not from directives themselves. directives do not have so called "horizontal" direct effect (i.e. between non-state parties). this view was instantly controversial, and in the early 1990s three advocate generals persuasively argued that directives should create rights and duties for all citizens. the court of justice refused, but there are five large exceptions.
retrieved: european union law is the system of laws operating within the member states of the european union. the eu has political institutions and social and economic policies. according to its court of justice, the eu represents "a new legal order of international law"."van gend en loos v nederlandse administratie der belastingen" (1963) case 26/62 the eu's legal foundations are the treaty on european union and the treaty on the functioning of the european union, unanimously agreed by the governments of 28 member states.

→ 0.44589          directive s (0.969)       directive s (0.984)       guidelines (0.000)       directive (0.000)       guidance (0.000)      

→ 0.04086           t f e u article 2 88 (0.000)       article 2 88 (0.000)       article 28 (0.000)       item 2 88 (0.000)       article 2 88 (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00046          directive requires that every worker has at least 4 weeks paid holidays each year (0.000)       the directive requires every worker to have at least four weeks of paid leave a year . (0.000)       the directive requires every worker to have at least four weeks of paid leave per year . (0.000)       the directive requires each worker to have at least four weeks of paid leave a year . (0.000)       the directive requires each worker to have at least four weeks of paid leave per year . (0.000)      

→ 0.00140           reflects (0.000)       reflected (0.000)       " (0.000)       reflection (0.000)       reflecting (0.000)      

→ 0.51139          directive s do not (0.004)       directive s (0.969)       directive s (0.969)       directive s not (0.000)       directive s do not (0.004)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the last name of the person whose best-known works include the oratorio a child of our time?
(michael tippett) sir michael kemp tippett (2 january 1905 – 8 january 1998) was an english composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the second world war. in his lifetime he was sometimes ranked with his contemporary benjamin britten as one of the leading british composers of the 20th century. among his best-known works are the oratorio a child of our time, the orchestral fantasia concertante on a theme of corelli, and the opera the midsummer marriage. tippett's talent developed slowly. he withdrew or destroyed his earliest compositions, and was 30 before any of his works were published. until the mid-to-late 1950s his music was broadly lyrical in character, before changing to a more astringent and experimental style. new influences, including those of jazz and blues after his first visit to america in 1965, became increasingly evident in his compositions. while tippett's stature with the public continued to grow, not all critics approved of these changes in style, some believing that the quality of his work suffered as a consequence. from around 1976 tippett's late works began to reflect the works of his youth through a return to lyricism. although he was much honoured in his lifetime, critical judgement on tippett's legacy has been uneven, the greatest praise being generally reserved for his earlier works. his centenary in 2005 was a muted affair; apart from the few best-known works, his music has been performed infrequently in the 21st century. having briefly embraced communism in the 1930s, tippett avoided identifying with any political party. a pacifist after 1940, he was imprisoned in 1943 for refusing to carry out war-related duties required by his military exemption. his initial difficulties in accepting his homosexuality led him in 1939 to jungian psychoanalysis; the jungian dichotomy of "shadow" and "light" remained a recurring factor in his music. he was a strong advocate of music education, and was active for much of his life as a radio broadcaster and writer on music.
retrieved: sir michael kemp tippett (2 january 1905 – 8 january 1998) was an english composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the second world war. in his lifetime he was sometimes ranked with his contemporary benjamin britten as one of the leading british composers of the 20th century. among his best-known works are the oratorio "a child of our time", the orchestral "fantasia concertante on a theme of corelli", and the opera "the midsummer marriage".

→ 0.34731          tip pet t (0.495)       tips (0.001)       tip (0.000)       tip pet t (0.511)       tap (0.000)      

→ 0.31645           ke mp (0.386)       ke mp (0.423)       " (0.000)       emp (0.000)       emp (0.000)      

→ 0.01302           a child of our time (0.000)       a child of our time (0.000)       a child of our times (0.000)       a child of our times (0.000)       a child of our age (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00047           whose best - known works include the or atori o a child (0.000)       one of whose most famous works is the or atori o a child (0.000)       among whose best - known works is the or atori o a child (0.000)       whose best - known works include the or atori o a child (0.000)       one of whose most famous works is the or atori o ein kind (0.000)      

→ 0.32274           ke mp tip pet t (0.012)       ke mp tip pet t (0.012)       ke mp tip pet t (0.012)       ke mp (0.374)       mik e tip pet t (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the first name of the person who rents a motorboat?
(the birds (film)) melanie daniels, a young socialite, meets criminal defense attorney mitch brenner in a san francisco pet shop. mitch wants to purchase a pair of lovebirds for his sister's eleventh birthday, but the shop has none. he recognizes melanie from a court appearance, but she does not know him; he plays a prank by pretending to mistake her for a saleswoman. melanie is infuriated by the prank—but finds herself romantically intrigued by mitch. melanie purchases a pair of lovebirds and drives to mitch's weekend address in bodega bay to deliver them. wanting to surprise him, she rents a motorboat so she can approach the brenner house from the bay instead of the road. she sneaks the birds inside the house and heads back across the bay. mitch discovers the birds, spots melanie's boat during her retreat, and drives around the bay to meet her. melanie is attacked and injured by a seagull near shore on the town side. mitch treats her abrasion and invites her to dinner; she hesitantly agrees. melanie gets to know mitch, his domineering mother lydia, and his younger sister cathy. she also befriends local school teacher annie hayworth, mitch's ex-lover. while spending the night at annie's house, she and annie are startled by a loud thud: a gull kills itself by flying into the front door. at cathy's birthday party the next day, the guests are attacked by seagulls. the following evening, sparrows invade the brenner home through the chimney.
retrieved: the birds is a 1963 american horror-thriller film directed and produced by alfred hitchcock, loosely based on the 1952 story of the same name by daphne du maurier. it focuses on a series of sudden, unexplained violent bird attacks on the people of bodega bay, california over the course of a few days.

→ 0.68981           mel ani e (0.779)       mel ani e (0.767)       mel ania (0.003)       mel is s a (0.000)       mel ani e phil lip s (0.000)      

→ 0.28580           d ani els (0.009)       d ani e l (0.004)       d ani els (0.010)       d ani elle (0.000)       d ani ella (0.000)      

→ 0.01466           s an fr anci sco (0.000)       s an fr anci sco (0.000)       s an fr anci sco . (0.000)       s an fr anci sco , us a (0.000)       s an fr ance sco (0.000)      

→ 0.00923           he (0.000)       he (0.000)       he has (0.000)       him (0.000)       he said (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00050           a young social it e (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

when did the uk formally subscribe to the agreement on social policy?
(european_union_law) following the election of the uk labour party to government in 1997, the uk formally subscribed to the agreement on social policy, which allowed it to be included with minor amendments as the social chapter of the 1997 treaty of amsterdam. the uk subsequently adopted the main legislation previously agreed under the agreement on social policy, the 1994 works council directive, which required workforce consultation in businesses, and the 1996 parental leave directive. in the 10 years following the 1997 treaty of amsterdam and adoption of the social chapter the european union has undertaken policy initiatives in various social policy areas, including labour and industry relations, equal opportunity, health and safety, public health, protection of children, the disabled and elderly, poverty, migrant workers, education, training and youth.
retrieved: united kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions. people at work in the uk benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various acts, regulations, common law and equity. this includes the right to a minimum wage of £8.21 for over 25-year-olds under the national minimum wage act 1998.

→ 0.80622          1997 (0.911)       1997 . (0.001)       in 1997 (0.010)       1997 : (0.000)       " (0.000)      

→ 0.18914          following the election of the uk labour party to government (0.003)       after the election of the uk labour party to government (0.000)       after the election of the bri t ish labour party to government (0.000)       after the election of the bri t ish labour party to government (0.000)       after the bri t ish labour party was elected to government (0.000)      

→ 0.00295          in the 10 years following (0.000)       in the following 10 years (0.000)       in the 10 years after (0.000)       in the following ten years (0.000)       in the next 10 years (0.000)      

→ 0.00116          in various social policy areas (0.000)       in various areas of social policy (0.000)       in different social policy areas (0.000)       in different areas of social policy (0.000)       in various social policy fields (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00053          the uk formally subscribe to the agreement on social policy (0.000)       b rita in formally signs agreement on social policy (0.000)       b rita in formally signs social policy agreement (0.000)       uk formally signs agreement on social policy (0.000)       b rita in formally signs the social policy agreement (0.000)      

● uq_ropes_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

who has a higher tolerance for roach: johnny or danny?
the example of someone having a positive experience with a drug is easy to see how drug dependence and the law of effect works. the tolerance for a drug goes up as one continues to use it after having a positive experience with a certain amount the first time.[38] it will take more and more to get that same feeling. this is when the controlled substance in an experiment would have to be modified and the experiment would really begin. the law of work for psychologist b. f. skinner almost half a century later on the principles of operant conditioning, "a learning process by which the effect, or consequence, of a response influences the future rate of production of that response.[39] the roach runners met to discuss their experiences. they all said they always had a great experience using roach and used the same amount each time. they told how many times they used roach. chris used it 12 times, johnny used it 22 times, earl used it 32 times, jimmy used it 42 times, antonio used it 52 times, danny used it 62 times, and bryan used it 72 times.
retrieved: operant conditioning (also called instrumental conditioning) is a learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment. it is also a procedure that is used to bring about such learning.

→ 0.78604          dann y (0.709)       dann y (0.709)       n anny (0.000)       nursery (0.000)       da ddy (0.000)      

→ 0.19477           john n y (0.002)       john (0.000)       john n y (0.002)       john (0.000)       jam e s (0.000)      

→ 0.01599           a higher tolerance (0.000)       greater tolerance (0.000)       higher tolerance (0.000)       more tolerance (0.000)       higher tolerance (0.000)      

→ 0.00266           roach (0.000)       roach (0.000)       red - e yed (0.000)       red - eye (0.000)       roach e s (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00054           a certain amount the first time . (0.000)       a certain amount the first time . (0.000)       a certain amount the first time around . (0.000)       a certain amount at the first time . (0.000)       a certain amount on the first time . (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what do professional athletes seek to boost from breathing oxygen?
(oxygen) oxygen, as a supposed mild euphoric, has a history of recreational use in oxygen bars and in sports. oxygen bars are establishments, found in japan, california, and las vegas, nevada since the late 1990s that offer higher than normal o 2 exposure for a fee. professional athletes, especially in american football, also sometimes go off field between plays to wear oxygen masks in order to get a "boost" in performance. the pharmacological effect is doubtful; a placebo effect is a more likely explanation. available studies support a performance boost from enriched o 2 mixtures only if they are breathed during aerobic exercise.
retrieved: oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol o and atomic number 8, meaning its nucleus has 8 protons. the number of neutrons varies according to the isotope: the stable isotopes have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons. oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds.

→ 0.64662          performance (0.954)       performance (0.954)       power (0.000)       capacity (0.000)       powerful (0.000)      

→ 0.02488           e u phor ic (0.000)       e u phor ic (0.000)       e u phor i a (0.000)       e u phor ically (0.000)       e u phor i a (0.000)      

→ 0.01441          in (0.000)       " (0.000)       to (0.000)       in (0.000)       at (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00054           a supposed (0.000)       an alleged (0.000)       an alleged (0.000)       a supposed (0.000)       an alleged plot (0.000)      

→ 0.31355          performance . (0.046)       performance . (0.045)       performing . (0.000)       performances . (0.000)       power . (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

where is brazil ranked globally in soybean production?
(amazon_rainforest) between 1991 and 2000, the total area of forest lost in the amazon rose from 415,000 to 587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi), with most of the lost forest becoming pasture for cattle. seventy percent of formerly forested land in the amazon, and 91% of land deforested since 1970, is used for livestock pasture. currently, brazil is the second-largest global producer of soybeans after the united states. new research however, conducted by leydimere oliveira et al., has shown that the more rainforest is logged in the amazon, the less precipitation reaches the area and so the lower the yield per hectare becomes. so despite the popular perception, there has been no economical advantage for brazil from logging rainforest zones and converting these to pastoral fields.
retrieved: the amazon rainforest, also known in english as amazonia or the amazon jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest in the amazon biome that covers most of the amazon basin of south america. this basin encompasses , of which are covered by the rainforest. this region includes territory belonging to nine nations.

→ 0.45251          second - large s t (0.444)       second largest (0.022)       second largest (0.021)       second biggest (0.001)       2 nd largest (0.001)      

→ 0.51431          the second (0.000)       second (0.458)       second (0.472)       the second (0.000)       2 nd (0.006)      

→ 0.02627          the united states (0.000)       the united states (0.000)       united states (0.000)       us a (0.000)       us (0.000)      

→ 0.00634          the amazon (0.000)       amazon (0.000)       the amazon (0.000)       the amazon (0.000)       amazon s (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00056          the more rainforest is logged (0.000)       the more rainforest is cleared (0.000)       the more rainforest is cleared (0.000)       the more rainforest is cut down (0.000)       the more rainforest is cut down (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

full size working engines on what vehicles sometimes use oscillating cylinder steam engines?
(steam_engine) an oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder. instead of valves, the entire cylinder rocks, or oscillates, such that one or more holes in the cylinder line up with holes in a fixed port face or in the pivot mounting (trunnion). these engines are mainly used in toys and models, because of their simplicity, but have also been used in full size working engines, mainly on ships where their compactness is valued.[citation needed]
retrieved: a steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. the steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. this pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work.

→ 0.94976          ships (1.000)       ships (1.000)       vessels (0.000)       boats (0.000)       ship (0.000)      

→ 0.03414           mainly (0.000)       mainly (0.000)       mainly : (0.000)       mostly (0.000)       primarily (0.000)      

→ 0.00964           cylinder (0.000)       cylinder (0.000)       cylinder s (0.000)       " (0.000)       roller (0.000)      

→ 0.00589           a variant of the simple expansion steam engine (0.000)       a variant of the simple expansion steam engine (0.000)       a variation of the simple expansion steam engine (0.000)       variant of the simple expansion steam engine (0.000)       a variation on the simple expansion steam engine (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00057           a fixed port face or in the pivot mounting (0.000)       a fixed connection surface or in the s w ive l mount (0.000)       a fixed connection surface or in the s w ive l mounting (0.000)       a fixed connecting surface or in the s w ive l mounting (0.000)       a fixed interface or in the s w ive l mounting (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the name of the friend of heroin bob's son?
(punk's dead) set 19 years after the events of the first film, the movie deals with unresolved conflict and family strain, and also has elements of a coming of age story. michael goorjian reprises his role of heroin bob, and acts as a narrator for the film, both in voice over as well as sporadically intercut scenes of him in the afterlife ross is the child of trish and heroin bob, being conceived shortly before bob's accidental drug overdose. ross has been raised by alone by trish, above her steam punk curio and clothing boutique, and as a result of his mothers adoration of the macabre, as well as his immersion in the concept of death from a young age, he develops into a victorian goth. despite his obvious affiliation, ross insists that he is part of no social cliques, which is stressed even further when he states that despite a lifelong abstinence from drugs, alcohol, and sex; he is not straight edge either. upon having his heart broken by his first girlfriend, ross attempts to drown his sorrows, as well as his lifelong espousal that romantic love is trivial, with the aide of beer and liquor. in an attempt to further help him take his mind off of things, he also begrudgingly goes on a road trip to a punk rock concert with his only friend, crash, as well as crash's friend penny. ross has a low opinion of punks, despite his association with them, as crash and penny are punk rockers, as was his father.
retrieved: punk's dead (also known as punk's dead: slc punk 2) is an american comedy-drama film written and directed by james merendino. it is a sequel to the 1998 film "slc punk!" and was released on itunes february 11, 2016.

→ 0.65009          penny (0.732)       pe nce (0.000)       pen nies (0.000)       penny (0.732)       penny . (0.144)      

→ 0.32040          crash (0.119)       crash (0.119)       crashing (0.000)       the crash (0.000)       crashes (0.000)      

→ 0.02359           bob (0.000)       bob (0.000)       " (0.000)       bob by (0.000)       bob s led (0.000)      

→ 0.00535           n ar r ator (0.000)       n ar r ator (0.000)       teller (0.000)       n arra tors (0.000)       narrative (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00058           a coming of age story (0.000)       a coming of age story (0.000)       a coming of age story (0.000)       a coming of age tale (0.000)       a coming of age story (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what do extremely unequal societies tend to be?
(economic_inequality) in 1993, galor and zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. a 1996 study by perotti examined the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth. he showed that, in accordance with the credit market imperfection approach, inequality is associated with lower level of human capital formation (education, experience, and apprenticeship) and higher level of fertility, and thereby lower levels of growth. he found that inequality is associated with higher levels of redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels of growth from reductions in private savings and investment. perotti concluded that, "more equal societies have lower fertility rates and higher rates of investment in education. both are reflected in higher rates of growth. also, very unequal societies tend to be politically and socially unstable, which is reflected in lower rates of investment and therefore growth."
retrieved: effects of inequality researchers have found include higher rates of health and social problems, and lower rates of social goods, a lower population-wide satisfaction and happiness and even a lower level of economic growth when human capital is neglected for high-end consumption. for the top 21 industrialised countries, counting each person equally, life expectancy is lower in more unequal countries (r = -.907). a similar relationship exists among us states (r = -.620).

→ 0.78347          politically and social ly unstable (0.939)       politically and social ly unstable (0.939)       political and social ly unstable (0.005)       political and social instability (0.000)       political and social instability (0.000)      

→ 0.19735          unstable , (0.000)       unstable (0.016)       unstable , (0.000)       unstable ; (0.000)       in s table , (0.000)      

→ 0.01314           z eira (0.000)       z eira (0.000)       time (0.000)       era (0.000)       period (0.000)      

→ 0.00544           thereby lower levels of growth (0.000)       this reduce s growth (0.000)       lower growth rates as a result (0.000)       as a result lower growth rates (0.000)       thereby lower growth rates (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00060           he found that inequality is associated with higher levels of red is tribu tive tax ation (0.000)       he found that inequality is associated with higher red is tribu tion taxes (0.000)       he found that inequality is linked to higher red is tribu tion taxes (0.000)       he found that inequality is linked to higher red is tribu tive tax ation (0.000)       he found that inequality is associated with higher red is tribu tive taxes (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

where is audra mcdonald from?
(fresno,_california) this vibrant and culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970s.[citation needed] after decades of neglect and suburban flight, the neighborhood revival followed the re-opening of the tower theatre in the late 1970s, which at that time showed second and third run movies, along with classic films. roger rocka's dinner theater & good company players also opened nearby in 1978,[citation needed] at olive and wishon avenues. fresno native audra mcdonald performed in the leading roles of evita and the wiz at the theater while she was a high school student. mcdonald subsequently became a leading performer on broadway in new york city and a tony award winning actress. also in the tower district is good company players' 2nd space theatre.
retrieved: fresno ( ; ) is a city in california, united states, and the county seat of fresno county. it covers about in the center of the san joaquin valley, the southern portion of california's central valley.

→ 0.95615          fr e s n o (0.939)       fr e s n o (0.939)       fr e s n o . (0.005)       fr e s n o : (0.000)       fr e s n o (0.939)      

→ 0.02398           m c d onal d (0.000)       m c d onal d (0.000)       m c d onal d (0.000)       m c d onal d (0.000)       mac d onal d (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00062           & good company players (0.000)       good players (0.000)       & good company player (0.000)       good players . (0.000)       good players (0.000)      

→ 0.01371           a high school student (0.000)       a high school student (0.000)       a high school student (0.000)       high school student (0.000)       a high school student (0.000)      

→ 0.00553           rog er rock a ' s dinner theater (0.000)       rog er rock a ' s dinner theatre (0.000)       rog er rock a ' s dinner theater (0.000)       rog er rock a s dinner theater (0.000)       rog er rock a ' s dinner theatre (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

how many sources of european union law are there?
(european_union_law) european union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as regulations and directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of european union member states. the three sources of european union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. the main sources of primary law are the treaties establishing the european union. secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the treaties. the legislature of the european union is principally composed of the european parliament and the council of the european union, which under the treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the treaties.
retrieved: european union law is the system of laws operating within the member states of the european union. the eu has political institutions and social and economic policies. according to its court of justice, the eu represents "a new legal order of international law"."van gend en loos v nederlandse administratie der belastingen" (1963) case 26/62 the eu's legal foundations are the treaty on european union and the treaty on the functioning of the european union, unanimously agreed by the governments of 28 member states.

→ 0.96113          three (0.779)       three (0.779)       three . (0.003)       " (0.000)       3. (0.000)      

→ 0.01879          the main sources of primary law are the treat ies establishing the european union (0.000)       the main sources of primary law are the treat ies establishing the european union . (0.000)       the main sources of primary law are the treat ies establishing the european union (0.000)       the principal sources of primary law are the treat ies establishing the european union (0.000)       the primary sources of primary law are the treat ies establishing the european union (0.000)      

→ 0.01699          the treat ies establishing the european union . secondary sources include regulations and directive s (0.000)       the treat ies establishing the european union . secondary sources include regulations and directive s (0.000)       the treat ies establishing the european union . secondary sources include regulations and directive s (0.000)       the treat ies establishing the european union . secondary sources include regulations and directive s (0.000)       the treat ies establishing the european union . secondary sources include regulations and guidelines (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00065          the european union is principal ly composed of the european parliament and the council of the european union (0.000)       the european union consists mainly of the european parliament and the council of the european union . (0.000)       the european union consists mainly of the european parliament and the council of the european union (0.000)       the european union mainly consists of the european parliament and the council of the european union (0.000)       the european union mainly consists of the european parliament and the council of the european union . (0.000)      

→ 0.00245          the laws of european union member states (0.000)       the laws of the member states of the european union (0.000)       the laws of the member states of the european union (0.000)       laws of the member states of the european union (0.000)       the laws of the member states of the european union (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

who patented a steam engine in 1781?
(steam_engine) in 1781 james watt patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion. watt's ten-horsepower engines enabled a wide range of manufacturing machinery to be powered. the engines could be sited anywhere that water and coal or wood fuel could be obtained. by 1883, engines that could provide 10,000 hp had become feasible. the stationary steam engine was a key component of the industrial revolution, allowing factories to locate where water power was unavailable. the atmospheric engines of newcomen and watt were large compared to the amount of power they produced, but high pressure steam engines were light enough to be applied to vehicles such as traction engines and the railway locomotives.
retrieved: a steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. the steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. this pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work.

→ 0.84890          jam e s watt (1.000)       jam e s watt (1.000)       jam e s watt s (0.000)       jam e s wa t son (0.000)       ja mie watt s (0.000)      

→ 0.11251           watt ' s (0.000)       watt s (0.000)       watt (0.001)       wa t ford (0.000)       watt s (0.000)      

→ 0.02926           watt patented a steam engine (0.000)       watt patent s a steam engine (0.000)       watt patented a steam engine (0.000)       a patented steam engine (0.000)       patented steam engine (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00065           a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion (0.000)       a steam engine that produced continuous rotation al motion (0.000)       a steam engine that produced continuous rotation (0.000)       a steam engine that produced continuous rotation al movements (0.000)       a steam engine which produced continuous rotation al movements (0.000)      

→ 0.00868           ten - h or s e power (0.000)       ten horsepower (0.000)       10 h p (0.000)       10 b h p (0.000)       10 h p (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what us war caused a high amount of civil disobedience?
(civil_disobedience) courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: "indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law." during the vietnam war, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the vietnam war; the courts ruled it was a political question. the necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. however, court cases such as u.s. v. schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. likewise, when carter wentworth was charged for his role in the clamshell alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the seabrook station nuclear power plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. fully informed jury association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to fija, many of them have escaped prosecution because "prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence."
retrieved: civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government or occupying international power. by some definitions, civil disobedience has to be nonviolent to be called 'civil'. hence, civil disobedience is sometimes equated with peaceful protests or nonviolent resistance.

→ 0.72502          vie t nam war (0.677)       vie t nam war (0.677)       war in vie t nam (0.000)       war of vie t nam (0.000)       vie t nam war (0.677)      

→ 0.25898          the vie t nam (0.000)       vie t nam (0.291)       the vie t nam (0.000)       vie t name s e (0.000)       vie t nam (0.000)      

→ 0.00189          the courts ruled it was a political question (0.000)       courts ruled it was a political issue (0.000)       courts decided it was a political issue (0.000)       courts ruled it was a political matter (0.000)       courts ruled it was a political question (0.000)      

→ 0.01345          the legal ity (0.000)       legal ity (0.000)       leg alism (0.000)       legal ity (0.000)       legal ity . (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00066          the existence of a particular law by breaking that law (0.000)       the existence of a particular law by breaking this law (0.000)       the existence of a specific law by breaking this law (0.000)       the existence of a particular law by violat ing that law (0.000)       the existence of a specific law by breaking that law (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what city has a population of 1,307,204?
(southern_california) within southern california are two major cities, los angeles and san diego, as well as three of the country's largest metropolitan areas. with a population of 3,792,621, los angeles is the most populous city in california and the second most populous in the united states. to the south and with a population of 1,307,402 is san diego, the second most populous city in the state and the eighth most populous in the nation.
retrieved: southern california (colloquially and locally known as socal) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises california's southernmost counties, and is the second most populous urban agglomeration in the united states. the region contains ten counties: imperial, los angeles, orange, riverside, san bernardino, san diego, santa barbara, san luis obispo, ventura, and kern counties.

→ 0.30376          ( s out her n _ cali for n i a ) (0.607)       ( s out her n cali for n i a ) (0.000)       ( s out her n _ cali for n i a ) (0.000)       ( s out her n cali for n i a ). (0.000)       ( s out her n cali for n i a ) (0.000)      

→ 0.43150           s an die go (0.191)       s an die go (0.203)       s an fr anci sco (0.000)       new york (0.000)       new york city (0.000)      

→ 0.22879          los angel e s (0.027)       los angel e s (0.027)       loose women (0.000)       go ! (0.000)       the angel s (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00066           cali for n i a and the second most popul ous in the united states (0.000)       cali for n i a and the second most popul ous state in the united states (0.000)       cali for n i a is the second most popul ous state in the united states (0.000)       cali for n i a , the second most popul ous state in the united states (0.000)       cali for n i a the second most popul ous state in the united states (0.000)      

→ 0.03529           cali for n i a are (0.000)       cali for n i a (0.000)       cali for n i a . (0.000)       cali for n i a , (0.000)       cali for n i a is (0.000)      

● uq_quoref_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is the first name of the person who hesitantly agrees to dinner?
(the birds (film)) melanie daniels, a young socialite, meets criminal defense attorney mitch brenner in a san francisco pet shop. mitch wants to purchase a pair of lovebirds for his sister's eleventh birthday, but the shop has none. he recognizes melanie from a court appearance, but she does not know him; he plays a prank by pretending to mistake her for a saleswoman. melanie is infuriated by the prank—but finds herself romantically intrigued by mitch. melanie purchases a pair of lovebirds and drives to mitch's weekend address in bodega bay to deliver them. wanting to surprise him, she rents a motorboat so she can approach the brenner house from the bay instead of the road. she sneaks the birds inside the house and heads back across the bay. mitch discovers the birds, spots melanie's boat during her retreat, and drives around the bay to meet her. melanie is attacked and injured by a seagull near shore on the town side. mitch treats her abrasion and invites her to dinner; she hesitantly agrees. melanie gets to know mitch, his domineering mother lydia, and his younger sister cathy. she also befriends local school teacher annie hayworth, mitch's ex-lover. while spending the night at annie's house, she and annie are startled by a loud thud: a gull kills itself by flying into the front door. at cathy's birthday party the next day, the guests are attacked by seagulls. the following evening, sparrows invade the brenner home through the chimney.
retrieved: the birds is a 1963 american horror-thriller film directed and produced by alfred hitchcock, loosely based on the 1952 story of the same name by daphne du maurier. it focuses on a series of sudden, unexplained violent bird attacks on the people of bodega bay, california over the course of a few days.

→ 0.80813           mel ani e (0.804)       mel ani e (0.804)       mel ania (0.002)       mel is s a (0.000)       mel ani e phil lip s (0.000)      

→ 0.16514           d ani els (0.001)       d ani e l (0.000)       d ani els (0.001)       d ani elle (0.000)       d ani ella (0.000)      

→ 0.01189           s an fr anci sco (0.000)       s an fr anci sco (0.000)       s an fr anci sco . (0.000)       s an fr anci sco , us a (0.000)       s an fr ance sco (0.000)      

→ 0.01416           he (0.000)       he (0.000)       he has (0.000)       him (0.000)       he said (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00068           a young social it e (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)       a young socialist (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what is decreased by staging expansion across multiple cylinders?
(steam_engine) a method to lessen the magnitude of this heating and cooling was invented in 1804 by british engineer arthur woolf, who patented his woolf high-pressure compound engine in 1805. in the compound engine, high-pressure steam from the boiler expands in a high-pressure (hp) cylinder and then enters one or more subsequent lower-pressure (lp) cylinders. the complete expansion of the steam now occurs across multiple cylinders and as less expansion now occurs in each cylinder less heat is lost by the steam in each. this reduces the magnitude of cylinder heating and cooling, increasing the efficiency of the engine. by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders, torque variability can be reduced. to derive equal work from lower-pressure steam requires a larger cylinder volume as this steam occupies a greater volume. therefore, the bore, and often the stroke, are increased in low-pressure cylinders resulting in larger cylinders.
retrieved: a steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. the steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. this pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work.

→ 0.87834          torque variability (0.984)       torque (0.012)       torque variability (0.984)       torque variation (0.000)       torque variable (0.000)      

→ 0.08918          magnitude of cylinder heating and cooling (0.003)       size of cylinder heating and cooling (0.000)       size of heating and cooling cylinder s (0.000)       scope of cylinder heating and cooling (0.000)       size of the cylinder heating and cooling (0.000)      

→ 0.01106          magnitude of this heating and cooling (0.000)       the size of this heating and cooling (0.000)       the extent of this warming and cooling (0.000)       the extent of this heating and cooling (0.000)       the scale of this heating and cooling (0.000)      

→ 0.02072           cylinder s (0.000)       cylinder s (0.000)       cylinder (0.000)       " (0.000)       cylinder (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00070           a method to less en the magnitude of this heating (0.000)       a method to reduce the extent of this warming (0.000)       a method to reduce the extent of this warming (0.000)       a method for reducing the extent of this warming (0.000)       a method to reduce the extent of this warming ; (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

which year was the case commission v italy that dealt with cocoa products?
(european_union_law) often rules apply to all goods neutrally, but may have a greater practical effect on imports than domestic products. for such "indirect" discriminatory (or "indistinctly applicable") measures the court of justice has developed more justifications: either those in article 36, or additional "mandatory" or "overriding" requirements such as consumer protection, improving labour standards, protecting the environment, press diversity, fairness in commerce, and more: the categories are not closed. in the most famous case rewe-zentral ag v bundesmonopol für branntwein, the court of justice found that a german law requiring all spirits and liqueurs (not just imported ones) to have a minimum alcohol content of 25 per cent was contrary to tfeu article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. german liqueurs were over 25 per cent alcohol, but cassis de dijon, which rewe-zentrale ag wished to import from france, only had 15 to 20 per cent alcohol. the court of justice rejected the german government's arguments that the measure proportionately protected public health under tfeu article 36, because stronger beverages were available and adequate labelling would be enough for consumers to understand what they bought. this rule primarily applies to requirements about a product's content or packaging. in walter rau lebensmittelwerke v de smedt pvba the court of justice found that a belgian law requiring all margarine to be in cube shaped packages infringed article 34, and was not justified by the pursuit of consumer protection. the argument that belgians would believe it was butter if it was not cube shaped was disproportionate: it would "considerably exceed the requirements of the object in view" and labelling would protect consumers "just as effectively". in a 2003 case, commission v italy italian law required that cocoa products that included other vegetable fats could not be labelled as "chocolate". it had to be "chocolate substitute". all italian chocolate was made from cocoa butter alone, but british, danish and irish manufacturers used other vegetable fats. they claimed the law infringed article 34. the court of justice held that a low content of vegetable fat did not justify a "chocolate substitute" label. this was derogatory in the consumers' eyes. a ‘neutral and objective statement’ was enough to protect consumers. if member states place considerable obstacles on the use of a product, this can also infringe article 34. so, in a 2009 case, commission v italy, the court of justice held that an italian law prohibiting motorcycles or mopeds pulling trailers infringed article 34. again, the law applied neutrally to everyone, but disproportionately affected importers, because italian companies did not make trailers. this was not a product requirement, but the court reasoned that the prohibition would deter people from buying it: it would have "a considerable influence on the behaviour of consumers" that "affects the access of that product to the market". it would require justification under article 36, or as a mandatory requirement.
retrieved: european union law is the system of laws operating within the member states of the european union. the eu has political institutions and social and economic policies. according to its court of justice, the eu represents "a new legal order of international law"."van gend en loos v nederlandse administratie der belastingen" (1963) case 26/62 the eu's legal foundations are the treaty on european union and the treaty on the functioning of the european union, unanimously agreed by the governments of 28 member states.

→ 0.94269          2003 (1.000)       in 2003 (0.000)       2003 . (0.001)       2003 : (0.000)       2004 (0.000)      

→ 0.04291           v it a ly (0.000)       v it a ly (0.000)       v eng l and (0.000)       v ire l and (0.000)       it a ly (0.000)      

→ 0.00496           re we - zen tral a g (0.000)       re we - central (0.000)       re we - central a g (0.000)       re we - central - a g (0.000)       re we - central a g (0.000)      

→ 0.00873           lique urs (0.000)       liquor s (0.000)       liquor (0.000)       alcohol (0.000)       lique urs (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00071           a g v bun des monopol für bra n n t we in (0.000)       a g v federal monopol y on spirits (0.000)       a g v federal monopol y on brand y (0.000)       a g v national monopol y on brand y (0.000)       a g v national monopol y on spirits (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

other than san bernardino, which other developed southern californian city is not in close proximity to the coast?
(southern_california) los angeles (at 3.7 million people) and san diego (at 1.3 million people), both in southern california, are the two largest cities in all of california (and two of the eight largest cities in the united states). in southern california there are also twelve cities with more than 200,000 residents and 34 cities over 100,000 in population. many of southern california's most developed cities lie along or in close proximity to the coast, with the exception of san bernardino and riverside.
retrieved: southern california (colloquially and locally known as socal) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises california's southernmost counties, and is the second most populous urban agglomeration in the united states. the region contains ten counties: imperial, los angeles, orange, riverside, san bernardino, san diego, santa barbara, san luis obispo, ventura, and kern counties.

→ 0.91005          river side (0.939)       river side (0.947)       river bank (0.000)       rivers (0.000)       river (0.000)      

→ 0.06328           s an die go (0.000)       s an die go (0.000)       s an fr anci sco (0.000)       new york (0.000)       new york city (0.000)      

→ 0.02085           s an ber n ard in o (0.000)       s an ber n ard in o (0.000)       s an ber n a din o (0.000)       ber n ard in o (0.000)       s t ber n ard in o (0.000)      

→ 0.00508           cali for n i a (0.000)       cali for n i a (0.000)       cali for n i a . (0.000)       cali for n i a , (0.000)       cal if . (0.000)      

♦ → 0.00073           1.3 million people (0.000)       1.3 million (0.000)       1.3 million (0.000)       1.3 million (0.000)       1.3 million . (0.000)      

● uq_squad2_decode_uq3B_span_topk_nogold_ret_drqa_3s_bt

what were ntl's services rebranded as?
(sky_(united_kingdom)) on 8 february 2007, bskyb announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels. it was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the bskyb portfolio including sport (including english premier league football), films, entertainment and news. the announcement came a day after setanta sports confirmed that it would launch in march as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that ntl's services re-branded as virgin media. however, industry sources believe bskyb will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue.
retrieved: sky uk (formerly british sky broadcasting limited, bskyb and sky) is a british telecommunications company which serves the united kingdom owned by comcast. sky provides television and broadband internet services, fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the united kingdom. it is the uk's largest

→ 0.93331          virgin media (0.932)       virgin media (0.932)       virgin media (0.932)       vir go media (0.000)       vir go media (0.000)      

→ 0.04885           b sky b (0.000)       b sky b (0.000)       " (0.000)       b sky b (0.000)       b sky b (0.000)      

→ 0.01411           n t l (0.000)       " (0.000)       new york (0.000)       new ze al and (0.000)       national (0.000)